e-Flora of Thailand

Volume 16 > Part 2 > Year 2023 > Page 711 > Zingiberaceae > Zingiber

15. Zingiber gramineum Noronha ex Blumewfo-0000616578

Enum. Pl. Javae 1: 45. 1827; Dietrich, Fl. Univ.: pl. 233. 1831; Miq., Fl. Ned. Ind. 3: 595. 1859; Fernández-Villar & Náves, Nov. App.: 221. 1880; Schumann, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 27: 267. 1899; Schumann, Pflanzenr. IV, 46 (Heft 20): 175. 1904; Gagnep., Fl. Indo-Chine 6(1): 81. 1908; Valeton, Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg (series 2) 27: 139. 1918; Loesener, Nat. Pflanzenfam., ed. 2, 15(A): 586. 1930; Backer & Bakh.f., Fl. Java 3: 43. 1968; Theilade, Nordic J. Bot. 19(4): 393. 1999; Hộ, Cay Co Viet Nam, ed. 2, 3: 445. 2000.— Dymczewiczia graminea (Noronha ex Blume) Horan., Prodr. Monogr. Scitam.: 26. 1862. Plate LXXXIV: E.


Accepted Name : This is currently accepted.


Description : Rhizomatous herb, 0.8–2 m tall; rhizome yellowish brown. Leaf sheaths 1–3 bladeless, villous, maroon-green; ligule green, bilobed, free, ribbon-like, tapering, (1.7–)3–6 by 3–9 mm, smaller on upper leaves than on lower ones, apex acute, pubescent; blades 27–48, crowded in upper part, linear, 25–40 by 1.9–2.5 cm, green with variegated midrib, sparsely hairy above, pilose below, spreading onto sheaths and petiole, base attenuate, apex acuminate; petiole sessile or 0.3–0.6(–1) cm long, green or red, pilose. Inflorescences 1–3, radical; peduncle erect, 30–70 cm long, sheaths ca 10; spike ovoid at anthesis, globose at fruiting, (7–)13–15 by 5–8 cm, lax; floral bracts 10–13, imbricate, with 2–3 broad subtending bracts; bracts narrowly lanceolate, revolute, 3.8–4.5 by 2.6–3.8 cm, green or yellowish green, villous; bracteoles longer than bracts, ca 4.5 by 1.9 cm, villous. Flower white; ovary 5–6 by 3–4 mm, pubescent, ovules 13–15 per locule; epigynous glands 5–6 mm long; calyx ca 1.5 cm long, tube 0.7–1 cm long, apex trilobed, lobes 5–7 mm long, truncate, glabrous; floral tube white, 4–4.4 cm long, dorsal corolla lobe 2.5–3 by 0.9–1.1 cm, lateral corolla lobes 2–2.9 cm by 0.5–0.6 cm; labellum white, ca 2.8 cm long, midlobe 1.2–1.5 cm by 1.7–2.2 cm, side lobes 1–5 by 3–7 mm; stamen: filament 2–3 mm long, attached near base of anther; anther 0.9–1.4 by 0.3–0.5 cm, reddish brown, anther crest 0.8–1 cm long, yellow, margin hard. Fruit ovoid with persistent calyx; seeds 9–15 per locule, 4.5–5 by 2.5–3 mm, wall corky, glossy.


Thailand : NORTHERN: Tak; SOUTH-WESTERN: Kanchanaburi (Huai Ban Kao, Sai Yok, Si Sawat), Prachuap Khiri Khan; SOUTH-EASTERN: Sa Kaeo, Chon Buri (Ban Bueng, Khao Kico, Si Racha), Rayong (Khao Chamao), Chanthaburi (Khao Phra Bat, Khao Soi Dao); PENINSULAR: Surat Thani (Ban Kaup Kep).


Distribution : Myanmar, Cambodia, Laos, Vietnam, Indonesia (Java – type).


Ecology : Scrub or at edges of dry evergreen, evergreen forests, mixed deciduous forests on limestone hills, bamboo thickets, 200–800 m alt. Flowering: June–August, flowers opening in the morning.


Vernacular : Phlai nok (ไพลนก), phlai pa (ไพลป่า).


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Plate LXXXIV: E
Zingiber gramineum Noronha ex Blume