e-Flora of Thailand

Volume 4 > Part 3 > Year 2020 > Page 448 > Leguminosae-Papilionoideae > Millettia

27. Millettia xylocarpa Miq.wfo-0000185891

Fl. Ned. Ind. 1(1): 157. 1855; Backer & Bakh.f., Fl. Java 1 : 595. 1963; Lock & Heald, Legumes Indo-Chine: 95. 1994; Adema, Blumea 45: 415. 2000; L.K.Phan & J.E.Vidal in Morat, Fl. Cambodge, Laos & Vietnam 30: 110. 2001.


Accepted Name : This is currently accepted.



Synonyms & Citations :

Millettia pubinervis Kurz, J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist. 42(2): 68. 1873; Baker in Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 2(4): 106. 1876; Kurz, Forest Fl. Burma 1. 357. 1877; Prain, J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist. 66(2): 360. 1897; Craib, Contrib. Fl. Siam., Dicot., 1: 55. 1912; Dunn, J. Linn. Soc. 41: 177. 1912; Lock & Heald, Legumes Indo-Chine: 94. 1994; Z.Wei & Pedley in Z.Y.Wu et al., Fl. China 10: 178. 2010
Millettia decipiens Prain, J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist. 66(2): 360. 1897; Dunn, J. Linn. Soc. 41: 172. 1912; Ridl., Fl. Malay Penins 1: 585. 1922; Whitmore, Tree Fl. Malaya 1: 297. 1972; Lock & Heald, Legumes Indo-Chine: 91. 1994.
Millettia hemsleyana Prain, J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist. 66(2): 360. 1897; Dunn, J. Linn. Soc. 41: 176. 1912; Ridl., Fl. Malay Penins 1: 585. 1922; Whitmore, Tree Fl. Malaya 1: 297. 1972; Lock & Heald, Legumes Indo-Chine: 92. 1994.
Millettia wrightiana Prain, J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist. 66(2): 359. 1897; Dunn, J. Linn. Soc. 41: 177. 1912.
Millettia fallax Craib, Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1927(2): 57. 1927 & Fl. Siam. 1(3): 390. 1928; Lock & Heald, Legumes Indo-Chine: 91. 1994.
Millettia nana Gagnep., Notul. Syst. (Paris) 2: 359. 1913.
Pongamia dehiscens Kored. & Valet., Boomsoort. Van Java. 2: 96. 1895.


Description : Tree 10–20 m tall. Stipules ovate to falcate, 2–5 by ca 2.5 mm, apex acute, margin hairy, outside densely hairy, inside glabrescent, caducous. Leaves: petioles 1.5–8 cm long, hairy, glabrescent; rachis up to 15 cm long, shallowly grooved above, hairy when young, ultrajugal part up to 3 cm long. Leaflets 7–11, opposite or subopposite; petiolules 1–7 mm long, hairy; lamina obovate, elliptic to narrowly obovate, 3–12 by 1.5–7 cm, apex acute to acuminate or cuspidate, base cuneate, margin entire, both surfaces hairy, glabrescent; lateral veins 6–9 pairs, distinct below; stipels setaceous, ca 1–2 mm long, often between the upper most pairs of leaflets, sometimes indistinct. Inflorescences pseudoracemes 10–15 cm long, axillary, densely hairy. Brachyblasts each bearing 2(–3) flowers, minute, less than 1 mm long; bracts elliptic, linear to ovate, 2–5 by 1–4 mm, both sides hairy; bracts to brachyblasts similar to bracts; bracteoles inserted on pedicels or at base of calyx, similar to bracts but smaller; pedicels 3–7 mm long, densely hairy. Calyx tube 2–4 mm long, dark red to pale green; lobes triangular to broadly ovate, apex acute to rounded, margin hairy, outside hairy, inside glabrous, upper lobes 2, minute, connate, slightly separate at apex; lower lobes 3, minute. Corolla white to pale green with green to pink lines; standard orbicular or ovate, 6–12 by 7–12 mm, apex acute to emarginate, base with basal callosities on inner side, margin hairy, outside densely hairy, inside glabrous, hairy in upper part, claw 1.5–2 mm long; wings oblong to falcate, 8–10 by 2–4 mm, base auriculate, apex acute or rounded, hairy on both sides in apical part, claw ca 3.5 mm long; keel 7–8 by 4–5 mm, apex acute, outside glabrous with few hairs along ventral side, lateral pocket minute, inside glabrous in upper part, claw ca 4 mm long. Stamens monadelphous with basal fenestrae; staminal tube 8–12 mm long, glabrous; filaments 3–5 mm long; anthers oblong, ca 0.5 by 0.5 mm, glabrous. Disc indistinct. Ovary densely hairy, 2–6-ovuled; style 9–10 mm long, glabrous hairy at base. Pods strap-shaped, oblong, flattened, (6–)10–18 by 1.5–3 cm, glabrous, lenticellate along margin. Seeds ellipsoid, discoid, flattened, (–1)2–3 or up to 5, 10–15 by 10–14 mm.


Thailand : NORTHERN: Mae Hong Son (Mae La Noi), Chiang Mai (Chiangkham, Doi Suthep NP, Mae Wang), Chiang Rai, Phayao (Mae Yom), Lampang (Doi Khun Tan NP, Ngao), Phrae (Den Chai – type of Millettia fallax: Kerr 3163 -ABD K) Tak (Lan Sang NP), Phitsanulok (Thung Salaeng Luang NP), Kamphaeng Phet (Mae Wong NP, Khlong Lan NP), Nakhon Sawan; NORTH-EASTERN: Phetchabun (Nam Nao NP), Loei (Chiang Khan, Phu Kradueng), Nong Bua Lamphu (Phu Phan Noi Forest Park), Udon Thani (Phu Foi Lom Forest Park), Nong Khai (Sangkhom), Sakon Nakhon (Phu Phan NP), Nakhon Phanom, Khon Kaen (Phu Wiang); EASTERN: Chaiyaphum (Tat Ton NP), Nakhon Ratchasima (Pak Thong Chai), Buri Ram, Si Sa Ket (Kantharalak), Amnat Charoen (Chanuman), Ubon Ratchathani (Khemmarat, Khong Chiam); SOUTH-WESTERN: Uthai Thani (Huai Kha Kaeng WS), Kanchanaburi (Erawan NP, Sai Yok, Sangkhla Buri, Si Sawat), Phetchaburi (Khao Tham Pra, Phunthurat Forest Park), Prachuap Khiri Khan (Huai Yang Falls); CENTRAL: Chai Nat, Saraburi (Kaeng Khoi, Sam Lan NP), Krung Thep Maha Nakhon (Bangkok); SOUTH-EASTERN: Prachin Buri (Khao Yai NP), Chachoengsao (Khao Takrup), Chon Buri (Si Racha), Chanthaburi (Khao Sabap); PENINSULAR: Surat Thani (Pak Sai), Phangnga, Songkhla (Saba Yoi, Thepha), Yala (Bannang Sata, Than To NP), Narathiwat (Su-ngai Kolok, Tak Bai).


Distribution : Myanmar, China (Yunnan), Laos, Cambodia, Vietnam, Peninsular Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia (type).


Ecology : Mixed deciduous dipterocarp forests with bamboo, margin of primary evergreen forests, near stream and along roadsides, somewhat on limestone, 0–1,700 m alt. Flowering: March–April; fruiting: May–July.


Vernacular : Pi (ปี้)(Phrae); kha cho (ขะเจ๊าะ)(Chiang Mai, Phrae); chak chan (จั๊กจั่น)(Loei); khang khak ton (คังคากต้น)(Chaiyaphum); pao-da-pa-ki (เพาดะปากี้)(Songkhla); yi nam (หยีน้ำ)(Surat Thani); pa-ri (ปารี)(Narathiwat).


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