Volume 4 > Part 3 > Year 2020 > Page 397 > Leguminosae-Papilionoideae > Derris

5. Derris elliptica (Wall.) Benth.wfo-0000186905

J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. 4 (Suppl.): 111. 1860; Prain, J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist. 66(2): 460. 1897; Gagnep. in Lecomte, Fl. Indo-Chine 2: 461. 1916; Ridl., Fl. Malay Penins. 1: 597. 1922; Craib, Fl. Siam. 1(3): 488. 1928; Thoth., Bull. Bot. Surv. India 3: 194. 1961; Backer & Bakh.f., Fl. Java 1: 617. 1963; Thoth., Fasc. Fl. India 8: 16. 1982; Lock & Heald, Legumes Indo-Chine: 87. 1994; L.K.Phan & J.E.Vidal in Morat, Fl. Cambodge, Laos & Vietnam 30: 60. 2001; Sirich. et al., Taxon 63(3): 534. 2014.— Pongamia elliptica Wall., Pl. Asiat. Rar. 3: 20, t. 237. 1832.— Paraderris elliptica (Wall.) Adema, Thai. For. Bull., Bot. 28: 11. 2000; Sirich. et al., Syst. Bot. 37: 431. 2012. Fig. 94.

Accepted Name : This is currently accepted.

Synonyms & Citations :

Description : Woody climber; bark dull greenish to brown; twigs sericeous, glabrescent, lenticellate. Stipules triangular or ovate, 3–3.5 by 1.7–3 mm, outside sericeous, inside glabrous. Leaves chartaceous to subcoriaceous; petiole 4–14.5 cm long, striate, sericeous; rachis 6–20.5 cm long, striate, sericeous; pulvinus 5–11 mm long, sericeous. Leaflets 7–15; petiolules 6–11 mm long; stipels rarely present, acicular, ca 1.5 mm long terminal one obovate to narrowly obovate, 7–16 by 2–5 cm, apex acuminate, acumen 3–20 mm long, rounded, base cuneate, upper surface glabrous to thinly sericeous, lower surface more sericeous, glabrescent, midrib flat above, rarely slightly sunken, raised below, veins flat above, raised below; lateral veins 7–14 pairs, 3–16 mm apart, curving towards apex and almost reaching margin, sometimes anastomosing near margin, venation reticulate; lateral leaflets mostly like terminal one, narrowly elliptic to obovate, 4–16 by 2–5.5 cm; pulvinus of petiolules 3–7 mm long, thinly sericeous to sericeous. Inflorescences axillary pseudoracemes or pseudopanicles, rarely terminal, up to 30 cm long; peduncle 0.5–5.5 cm long, sericeous; lateral branches 5–20 cm long; bracts subtending brachyblasts ovate to triangular, 1.5–2.5 by 1–1.5 mm, outside sericeous, inside glabrous; floral bracts ovate, elliptic, triangular or cordate, 1.5–2.5 by 1–2 mm, outside sericeous, inside glabrous. Brachyblasts long cylindrical, 10–25 mm long, with 2–3 flowers at apex; pedicels 5–11 mm long, sericeous; bracteoles at top of pedicels, narrowly ovate or triangular, 1–2.7 by 1–2 mm, outside sericeous, inside glabrous. Calyx 5.5–7 mm long, brown to dark maroonish, outside sericeous, inside sericeous at apex; tube 4–6 mm long; upper lip indistinct or sometimes with 2 short semi-circular lobes; lateral lobes broadly triangular, 1–1.5 by 3–5 mm; lower lobe triangular, 1.5–2.5 by 3–5mm. Corolla pale to deep pink; standard orbicular, 12–17 by 10–17 mm, with green blotch at base, apex emarginate, basal callosities large, outside sericeous, except for margin and claw, inside sericeous at apex, claw 3–4 mm long; wings obliquely elliptic, 10–13 by 4.5–5 mm, apex rounded, upper auricle 0.5–1 mm long, lower auricle absent, lateral pocket 2–5 mm long, sometimes hardly visible, outside with some hairs at ventral side part of apex, inside sericeous at apex, claw 4.5–5 mm long; keel boat shaped, 10–11 by 5–6 mm, apex rounded, auricle indistinct, lateral pocket large, 4–5 mm long, outside with some hairs at apex, inside sericeous at apex, rarely with some hairs at apex, claw 4.8–5 mm long. Stamens 14–23 mm long, free part of filaments 3–7 mm long, glabrous, rarely with some hairs; anthers 0.3–0.6 by 0.2–0.4 mm, with some hairs outside. Disc indistinct, annular, usually with some hairs. Ovary 6–10 mm long, sericeous, 3–5-ovuled; stipe 1–1.7 mm long, sericeous; style 8–14 mm long, sericeous in lower part. Pods elliptic or strap-shaped, flat, 4–11 by 1.5–2 cm, thinly sericeous, sometimes also glaucous, with wing along the upper suture only or rarely winged on both sutures, upper wing 1.5–2 mm wide, lower wing usually undeveloped, up to 1.5 mm wide. Seeds (immature) bean-shaped, flat, ca 13 by 8–8.5 by ca 3 mm; hilum central, 2.5–3 mm long.

Thailand : Throughout the country.

Distribution : India (type), Myanmar, Laos, Cambodia, Vietnam, Malaysia, the Philippines (Palawan), Caroline Islands, probably introduced in Hawaii.

Ecology : Primary and secondary forests, often along riverbanks, to 1,450 m alt. Flowering: December–April; fruiting: March–May, October–December.

Vernacular : Hang lai daeng (หางไหลแดง), lai nam (ไหล), lo tin (โล่ติ๊น)(Northern, Central); kalampho (กะลำเพาะ)(Phetchaburi); ouat nam (อวดน้ำ)(Surat Thani).