Volume 14 > Part 3 > Year 2019 > Page 472 > Calophyllaceae > Mammea

2. Mammea siamensis (Miq.) T.Andersonwfo-0000376586

J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 9: 261. 1867; in Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 1(2): 271. 1874; Kosterm., Pengum. Lemb. Pusat Penjel. Kehut. 72: 26. 1961; Whitmore, Tree Fl. Malaya 2: 226. 1973; S.Gardner et al., Forest Tree S. Thailand 1: 298, f. 438. 2015; C.Byrne et al., Thai Forest Bull., Bot. 46(2): 190. 2018.— Calysaccion siamense Miq., Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 1(7): 209. 1863.— Ochrocarpos siamensis (Miq.) T.Anderson, in Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 1(2): 270. 1874; Kurz, Forest Fl. Burma 1: 94. 1877; Gamble, Man. Ind. Timb.: 56. 1881; Pierre, Fl. Forest. Cochinch. 1: pl. 94–96. 1885; Vesque, Monogr. Phan. [A.DC. & C.DC.] 8: 527. 1893; Pit. in Fl. Indo-Chine [P.H.Lecomte et al.] 1(4): 293. 1910; Ridl., Fl. Malay Penins. 1: 180. 1922; Craib, Fl. Siam. 1: 119. 1925; Kamjilal, Fl. Assam 1: 111. 1934; Gagnep. in Humbert, Fl. Gen. Indo-Chine Suppl. 1(3): 254. 1943. Plate L: D.

Accepted Name : This is currently accepted.

Description : Evergreen trees up to 20 m tall; outer bark dark grey, roughly cracked and flaking, sometimes smooth or slightly fissured, inner bark red with pale yellow latex. Youngest twigs slightly flat. Leaves oblanceolate, obovate or oblong to oblong-obovate, 7.5–25 by 1.5–8 cm; base cuneate, sometimes narrowly cuneate; apex obtuse to slightly cuspidate, sometimes emarginate; coriaceous; veins conspicuous; young leaves purple, mature leaves dark-green adaxially, yellow-green; shortly petioled, 0.5–1.5 cm long. Flowers cymose, mostly in axils of fallen leaves; male and female flowers on separate trees; flowers 1.2–2.5 cm across; pedicels up to 2 cm long. Sepals white-green, 2, elliptic, 2–7 mm long. Petals white or pale yellow, 4, oblong; 6–9 mm long. Stamens 60–90; filaments white, free; anthers yellow to orange-yellow, 1–2 mm long. Ovary style and ovary light green and turning darker green; style short, single, stigma 2-lobed. Fruits green to yellow-orange, oval to ellipsoid with short blunt tip; 2–2.5(–4) by 0.8–2.5 cm; 2-valved. Seeds single seed with thin yellow to orange aril.

Thailand : NORTHERN: Chiang Mai (Mae Rim, Doi Suthep), Lampang (Chae Hom), Phetchabun; EASTERN: Nakhon Ratchasima (Sakaerat); SOUTH-WESTERN: Phetchaburi; CENTRAL: Krung Thep Maha Nakhon (Bangkok); SOUTH-EASTERN: Chon Buri; PENINSULAR: Chumphon; Songkhla.

Distribution : Laos, Malay Peninsula (Penang).

Ecology : Dry dipterocarp forests, mixed deciduous forests to dry evergreen forests, 50–460 m alt. Flowering: January–June; fruiting: June.

Vernacular : Saraphi (สารภี), saraphi naen (สารภีแนน), soi phi (สร้อยพี), tho ra phi (ทรพี).

Uses: Fruit is edible, The pollen is used by Thai people as a cosmetic. Flowers are used to make garlands. The flowers contain aromatic oil and the plant is widely cultivated. In Thailand, the flowers of this plant are used for a heart tonic, to reduce of fever and to enhance appetite.