Volume 14 > Part 2 > Year 2019 > Page 301 > Malvaceae > Hibiscus

11. Hibiscus macrophyllus Roxb. ex Hornem.wfo-0001264305

Hort. Bot. Hafn. Suppl.: 149. 1819; DC., Prodr. 1: 455. 1824; Mast. in Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 1: 337. 1874; Kurz, Forest Fl. Burma 1: 126. 1877; Hochr., Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 4: 68. 1900; Gagnep. in Lecomte, in Fl. Indo-Chine 1: 426. 1910; Ridl., Fl. Malay Penins. 1: 258. 1922; Craib, Fl. Siam. 1: 158. 1925; S.Y.Hu, Fl. China, fam. 153: 43. 1955; Baker & Bakh.f., Fl. Java 1: 430. 1963; Borss.Waalk., Blumea 14(1): 47. 1966; Y.Tang et al. in C.Y. Wu et al., Fl. China 12: 287. 2007.— Paritium macrophyllum (Roxb. ex Hornem.) G.Don, Gen. Syst. 1: 485. 1831.— Talipariti macrophyllum (Roxb. ex Hornem.) Fryxell, Talipariti (Malvaceae) A Segregate from Hibiscus: 249. 2001. Fig. 10. Plate XXVIII: G.

Accepted Name : This is currently accepted.

Synonyms & Citations :

Description : Tree to 25 m tall; all parts densely covered with yellowish brown or brown stellate hairs and tufted long hairs to 10 mm long. Leaves broadly ovate to orbicular, 14–30 cm in diam., base deeply cordate, apex cuspidate, margin crenulate to subentire, discolorous; basal veins 7–9, with a linear gland on each basal vein beneath at ⅓–⅔ the distance from base, glands often obscured by dense stellate hairs. Petiole 12–30 cm long, covered with hairs. Stipules large, oblong, 5–10 by 1.5–3 cm, apex obuse to acute, amplexicaul, caducous, leaving annular scars. Flower axillary, solitary, sometimes a few flowers together and raceme-like, by reduction of upper leaves. Peduncle stout, 1–2 cm long. Epicalyx lobes 8–12, linear to lanceolate, 15–25 by 2–3 mm, connate at base, outer surface densely covered with yellowish brown long stellate hairs, inner surface sericeous by simple hairs. Calyx campanulate, 2.5–3 cm in diam., deeply 5-lobed; lobes triangular, 12–18 by 6–7 mm, acute, 3-nerved, without glands, outer surface with dense minute and large stellate hairs, purplish, inner surface sericeous by simple hairs. Corolla campanulate, 6 cm in diam., yellow with dark red centre. Petals obovate, 4–6 by 2–4 cm, apex rounded, base narrow, stellate-ciliate, outer surface stellate hairy. Staminal column 3–3.5 cm long, anthers throughout column; filament 2–6 mm long, anthers 1.5–2 mm long. Ovary conical, 6–7 by 4–5 mm, 5-locular, stellate hairy; style exceeding staminal column by 7–8 mm, stylar branches 5, 5–6 mm long; stigma capitate. Capsule ovoid to obovoid 2.5–3.5 cm long, 1.5–2.5 mm in diam., apex beaked, 5–10 mm long, with dense, simple and stellate hairs; 5-locular; valves woody; inside smooth, shining. Seeds many, reniform, 2.5–3 by 1.5–2 mm; dorsal side densely ferruginous hairy; lateral sides glabrous; dark brown.

Thailand : NORTHERN: Phrae, Nan; NORTH-EASTERN: Phetchabun; EASTERN: Nakhon Ratchasima; SOUTH-WESTERN: Kanchanaburi (Sangkhla, Thong Pha Phum); CENTRAL: Krung Thep Maha Nakhon (Bangkok), Nakhon Nayok, Saraburi (Sam Lan); SOUTH-EASTERN: Chon Buri (Khao Khiao, Si Racha), Prachin Buri; PENINSULAR: Chumphon, Ranong, Krabi, Nakhon Si Thammarat (Thung Song, Cha-wang), Trang (Khao Chong), Satun (Tarutao), Songkhla (Wang Yai, Hat Yai), Yala, Narathiwat (Waeng).

Distribution : India, S China, Vietnam, Malay Peninsula to Java, the Philippines.

Ecology : In secondary forests, never along the coast, up to 1,400 m alt. Flowering and fruiting: January–March.

Vernacular : Khi thao (ขี้เท่า)(Chaiyaphum); chong (จ๊อง), ai-chong (ไอจ๊อง)(Malay-Pattani, Yala); chu mia (ชู้เมีย)(Phechaburi); tong tao (ตองเต้า), thong to (ท้องโต), po muen (ปอหมื่น), aep khao (แอบข้าว)(Northern); po chong (ปอจง), po sam tao (ปอสามเต้า), poet (เปิด)(Chiang Mai); po poet (ปอเปิด)(Chon Buri); po muk (ปอมุก)(Chumphon); po hu (ปอหู)(Saraburi); phaya khotcharat (พญาคชราช); u chong (อูจง)(Trang).