Volume 13 > Part 2 > Year 2016 > Page 295 > Compositae (Asteraceae) > Emilia

3. Emilia sonchifolia (L.) DC.wfo-0000017704

Prodr. 6: 302. 1838; Ridl., Fl. Malay Penins. 3: 191. 1923; Gagnep., Fl. Indo-Chine 3: 517. 1924; Kerr, Fl. Siam. 2(3): 290. 1936; Backer & Bakh.f., Fl. Java 1: 428. 1965; H.Koyama, Mem. Fac. Sci. Kyoto Univ., Biol. 2(2): 158. 1969; Grierson, Revis. Handb. Fl. Ceylon 1: 251. 1980; H.Koyama, Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 37: 113. 1986; Chen, Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 77(1): 324. 1999; Y.L.Chen et al., Fl. China 20–21: 542. 2011.— Cacalia sonchifolia L., Sp. Pl. 2: 835. 1753.

Accepted Name : This is currently accepted.

Description : Annual herb, 10–50 cm tall; stems from tap roots, ascending, flexuous, curly long hairy at base, branched above, branches ending in inflorescences. Leaves cauline; lower leaves petiolate, blade oblong in outline, 5–10 by 2–7 cm, entire or lyrate, deeply and irregularly pinnate-lobed, margins shallowly and bluntly dentate, both surfaces subglabrous to sparsely unevenly pilose, glaucous, terminal segments triangular, rarely broadly cordate in shaded plants, petioles narrowly winged; median leaves sessile, ovate-lanceolate, hastate, auriculate-clasping, irregularly dentate. Inflorescences in loose corymbs; peduncles slender, 1–10 cm long; bracteoles 1–2, ovate-lanceolate, cordate-clasping at base. Capitula discoid; involucres cylindrical, 7–12 by 0.2–1 cm, ecalyculate; phyllaries ca 8, uniseriate, oblong-linear, margins narrowly membranous, glabrous, glaucous abaxially; receptacle areolate, naked. Florets 30–60 per capitulum, exserted or not; corollas pale mauve, ca 9 mm long, basal tube inconspicuous, apex deeply 5-lobed, lobes 1.5 mm long. Achenes prismatic, ca 2.5 mm long, 5-ribbed, grooves setuliferous; pappus of capillary bristles, ca 8 mm long, snow-white.

Thailand : NORTHERN: Chiang Mai (Chom Thong to Ban Luang Forest Station, Doi Suthep, Mae Sanam, Om Koi, Mae Tho, Doi Inthanon), Phitsunulok (Thung Salaeng Luang NP); NORTH-EASTERN: Phetchabun (Kaeng Sopha Falls), Loei (Maholan Cave), Nong Khai (Sangkhom), Nakhon Phanom (Phu Phan NP), Mukdahan (Dongman village, Phu Mu Forest Park), Khon Kaen (Nam Nao NP); EASTERN: Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai NP, Lam Phra Phloeng Dam), Surin (Sangkhla); CENTRAL: Lop Buri (Sap Champa), Saraburi (Sam Lan, Khao Yai NP), Nakhon Nayok (Khao Yai NP); SOUTH-EASTERN: Prachin Buri (Khao Yai NP, Prachin Buri Nursery), Chon Buri (Khao Khiao WS), Rayong (Khao Chamao NP), Trat (Ko Chang); SOUTH-WESTERN: Kanchanaburi (Salakphra WS), Prachuap Khiri Khan (Khao Khlongwan); PENINSULAR: Ranong (Hot Spring Park), Phuket (Ton Sai Falls), Trang (Khao Chong Botanic Garden), Songkhla (Ton Nga Chang Falls), Narathiwat (Bacho).

Distribution : Pantropical (Ceylon – type), northwards to central Honshu, Japan, where it reaches its northernmost distribution in Asia.

Ecology : Dry grassy fields, grassy banks along roads, 10–1,500 m alt. Flowering: September–December.

Vernacular : Phakkat nok khao (ผักกาดนกเขา)(Nakhon Si Thammarat, Surat Thani); phak daeng (ผักแดง)(Loei); phak bang (ผักบั้ง)(Lampang); hang pla chon (หางปลาช่อน)(Central); hu pla chon (หูปลาช่อน)(Central, Ratchaburi); hia-e-ang (เฮียะเออัง)(Chinese).