Volume 13 > Part 1 > Year 2015 > Page 94 > Cannabaceae > Trema

5. Trema tomentosa (Roxb.) H.Harawfo-0001244132

Fl. E. Himal. 2: 19. 1971; Soepadmo, Fl. Males. Ser. I., Spermat. 8: 53. 1977; F.Liguo, X.Yigun & Whittem., Fl. China 5: 13. 2003.— Celtis tomentosa Roxb. Fl. India, ed. Carey 2: 66. 1832.— Sponia tomentosa (Roxb.) Planch., Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., Sér 3, 10: 336. 1848.

Accepted Name : This is currently accepted.

Synonyms & Citations :

Description : Shrub to small tree 3–10 m tall; bark greyish brown, smooth, thin, lenticellate, branches drooping; branchlets, stipules, petioles, underside of leaves and inflorescences densely covered with greyish erect hairs. Stipules linear-lanceolate, 5–7 mm long. Leaves distichous, mostly asymmetric, broadly ovate to elliptic-ovate, 6–15 by 2–8 cm, subcoriaceous to coriaceous; base cordate, rarely subcordate or rounded; apex acute to acuminate; margin serrulate; basal nerves 3, lateral nerves 4–6 on each side of midrib, upper surface brown to blackish brown when dry, scabrous, lower surface densely covered with greyish-brown erect hairs. Petiole 0.8–1.5 cm long. Inflorescences male, female or both. Male inflorescences 2–10 cm long. Male flowers globose, ca 2 mm diam.; perianth lobes mostly 5, elliptic, ca 1.5 by 1 mm; filament flattened, ca 1 mm long, glabrous; anther subglobose, ca 1 by 0.5 mm, pistillode compressed. Female inflorescences 1–2 cm long. Female flower ovoid, ca 2 by 1 mm; perianth lobes 4–5, ovate-acute, ca 1 by 0.5 mm; staminodes mostly absent; ovary ca 1.5 by 1 mm, glabrous; style short; stigmatic arms slender, spreading. Drupe ellipsoid to ovoid, 2.5–3 by 2–3 mm, glabrous, green, red to black when mature.

Thailand : NORTHERN: Chiang Mai (Chom Thong, Doi Chang, Doi Chiang Dao, Doi Inthanon, Doi Suthep, Fang, Mae Rim, Mae Wang), Chiang Rai, Phayao (Doi Luang NP), Lamphun (Doi Khun Tan NP), Lampang (Ngao), Phrae, Phitsanulok (Thung Salang Luang); NORTH-EASTERN: Phetchabun (Nam Nao), Sakon Nakhon, Khon Kaen; EASTERN: Nakhon Ratchasima (Pak Thong Chai); SOUTH-WESTERN: Kanchanaburi, Prachuap Khiri Khan; CENTRAL: Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya, Saraburi, Nakhon Nayok (Khao Yai NP); SOUTH-EASTERN: Sa Kaeo, Prachinburi (Khao Yai NP), Chon Buri (Khao Khiao), Chanthaburi (Makham), Trat (Ko Kut); PENINSULAR: Ranong, Surat Thani, Phangnga, Phuket, Nakhon Si Thammarat (Ko Kra), Trang, Satun, Songkhla, Yala, Narathiwat.

Distribution : Bangladesh, Bhutan, Burma, China, Indochina, Malaysia, Nepal, Pakistan, India, NE Australia, Tropical E Africa, Madagascar, Pacific Islands.

Ecology : In evergreen forests, dry evergreen forests, common in mixed deciduous forests, peat swamp forests and in grasslands, 10–1,600 m alt. Flowering and fruiting: almost all the year round.

Vernacular : Khi on (ขี้อ้น)(Phrae), dong pho (ด่องโพ้)(Kanchanaburi); tai mai than thao (ตายไม่ทันเฒ่า)(Prachuap Khiri Khan); po khi kai (ปอขี้ไก่)(Lampang); po khi liat (ปอขี้เลียด)(Saraburi); po taeng (ปอแต้ง), po fan (ปอฟาน), po hu (ปอหู)(Northern); po man (ปอหมัน)(Khon Kaen); phang rae (พังแหร)(Nakhon Si Thammarat, Trang); phang rae yai (พังแหรใหญ่)(Yala); rae (แหร)(Peninsular); sok phu (สกผู้)(Phetchabun); soi dao (สอยดาว)(Chanthaburi, Trat); mai sai soi (ไม้สายสร้อย).

Uses: Bark yields fibres; fruit sour, edible.

E-version notes : As Trema tomentosum (Roxb.) H.Hara