Volume 13 > Part 1 > Year 2015 > Page 83 > Cannabaceae > Celtis

3. Celtis timorensis Span.wfo-0000593788

Linnaea 15: 343. 1841; Planch., Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., Sér 3, 10: 315. 1848; Planch. in DC, Prod. 17: 180. 1873; Soepadmo, Fl. Males., Ser. I, Spermat. 8: 65. 1977; F.Liguo, X.Yigun & Whittem., Fl. China 5: 16. 2003. Fig. 3; Plate XVI: 3.

Accepted Name : This is currently accepted.

Synonyms & Citations :

Description : Evergreen tree to 20 m tall; bark grey to greyish brown with many orbicular to linear lenticels; young parts and inflorescences fulvous-tomentose, glabrescent. Stipules linear-lanceolate, 3–7 by 0.5–1 mm, fulvous tomentose. Leaves ovate to oblong, 5–17.5 by 2.5–8 cm; base subequally cuneate to rounded; apex acuminate to subcaudate, margin entire to coarsely serrate or crenate in the upper half; thinly coriaceous to coriaceous; upper surface finely pustular when young, gradually becoming smooth when mature, lower surface smooth; 3-nerved from base, veins transverse, reticulate. Petiole 0.5–1.3 cm, grooved above. Inflorescences axillary, cymes or thyrses, 1–2.5 cm; polygamous, the apical flower of the upper inflorescences usually bisexual; those at base of inflorescence and in lower inflorescences male. Bisexual flower: perianth 5-lobed, unequal, base connate, imbricate, lobes ovate to oblong-obovate, boat-shaped, 2–2.5 by 1–1.5 mm, apex obtuse to rounded, base thickened, brown, margins thin, ciliate, outside sericeous, inside glabrous; stamens 5, opposite to the perianth lobes; filament glabrous; anther elliptic, ca 1 by 0.5 mm, apex acute, glabrous, longitudinally dehiscent. Ovary flattened, ca 1 by 0.3 mm, hairy at base, glabrescent, ovule 1, apical; stigmatic arms 2, sessile, twice as long as ovary, curved, outside hairy, inside papillose. Male flowers: perianth unequally 4–5-lobed, base connate; lobes obovate, 1.2–1.5 by 1–1.5 mm, base thickened, apex acute to rounded, margin ciliate, outside hairy, inside glabrous. Stamens as many as and opposite the perianth lobes; filament flattened, ca 0.3 by 0.1 mm, narrowing to apex, glabrous; anther elliptic to ovate, 0.6–0.8 by 0.3–0.5 mm, apex acute, longitudinally dehiscent. Pistillode small, hairy. Infructescences 2–4 cm long, with 1–2 fruits. Drupe ovoid, 6–8 by ca 4 mm, base hairy, apex long tapering; stalk 2–5 mm. Seed ovoid to globose, ca 3.5 mm diam.

Thailand : NORTHERN: Mae Hong Son (Mae Sariang), Chiang Mai (Doi Chiang Dao, Fang, Huai Nam Dang, Mae Rim, Mae Tang, Omkoi), Chiang Rai (Doi Tung), Nan (Doi Phu Kha), Lampang (Mae Mo, Mae Saloi), Tak (Doi Musor), Phitsanulok, Nakhon Sawan (Khao Pado); NORTH-EASTERN: Phetchabun; EASTERN: Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Laem); SOUTH-WESTERN: Kanchanaburi (Sisawat).

Distribution : Bangladesh, Burma, India, Indochina, Malesia, Nepal, Sri Lanka.

Ecology : Scattered by streams in lower montane forests, in mixed deciduous forests, not common in evergreen forests, 190–1,400 m alt. Flowering and fruiting: nearly throughout the year.

Vernacular : Kluai (กล้วย)(Chanthaburi); kaeng khi phraruang (แก้งขี้พระร่วง), (Lampang); khi phraruang (ขี้พระร่วง), man plalai (มันปลาไหล)(Nakhon Ratchasima); chet kon phrachao (เช็ดก้นพระเจ้า)(Nan); chet khi phrachao (เช็ดขี้พระเจ้า)(Chiang Mai); ta khai (ตะคาย), mahat nam (มะหาดน้ำ), yueang (เยื้อง), mon dong (หมอนดง)(Central); tai mai than thao (ตายไม่ทันเฒ่า)(Peninsular).