e-Flora of Thailand
Volume 13 > Part 1 > Year 2015 > Page 64 > Adoxaceae > Sambucus
2. Sambucus simpsonii Rehder.wfo-0000438437
Sarg., Trees & Shrubs 2: 187. pl. 175. 1911.
Accepted Name : Sambucus canadensis L.
Sp. Pl.: 269. 1753.
Synonyms & Citations :
Description : Shrub 2–6 m tall. Leaves 12–25 cm long, 5- to 9-foliolate, usually pinnately compound or bipinnately at lower leaflets; leaflets papery, ovate to lanceolate, acuminate to attenuate-acuminate at apex, rotundate, obtuse, or broadly cuneate at base, serrate except near base, upper surface somewhat lucid and glabrous, with exception of short hairy midrib, lower surface yellowish brown hairy especially on midrib. Inflorescences 15–30 cm in diam.; peduncle 4–12 cm long. Flowers 4- to 6-merous; pedicel 3–6 mm long, rarely sessile. Calyx rotate, about 1 mm long, blackish in dried condition, tube one forth as long as lobes, lobes oblong to ovate, obtuse at apex, slightly ciliate. Corolla white, rotate, slightly recurved in maturity, 7–10 mm in diam., lobes oblong to ovate, obtuse at apex, tube less than one fifth as long as lobe. Anthers extrorse. Ovary usually 5-, and sometimes 4- or 6-locular, 2 mm long, 1 mm in diam.; stigma 5-, or sometimes 4- or 6-lobed. Drupes globose, blackish brown with 4–6 stones.
Thailand : NORTHERN: Cultivated and naturalized in Mae Hong Son, Chiang Mai, Chiang Rai, Phitsanulok.
Distribution : Native in SE United State (Florida – type) and Greater Antilles, and cultivated in the Himalayas, SE Asia, and Africa.
Ecology : On dry ground or by stream in sunny place, at 400–1,400 m alt.
Vernacular : Phuang khai muk (พวงไข่มุก)(Bangkok); rapa (ระป่า)(Prachin Buri); un (อุน), un farang (อุนฝรั่ง)(Phrae).
CommonName : American elder.
Notes: The plants widely cultivated in Southeast Asia had been regarded as Sambucus canadensis. However, the materials from Southeast Asia differ from typical S. canadensis in having mainly 5-locular ovary, blackish brown drupes, and papery leaflets, ovate to lanceolate, acuminate to attenuate-acuminate at apex, somewhat shining above. From these features, our plant agrees with S. simpsonii.