e-Flora of Thailand

Volume 12 > Part 2 > Year 2014 > Page 469 > Orchidaceae > Cymbidium

17. Cymbidium sinense (Jacks.) Willd.wfo-0000934616

Sp. Pl., ed. 4: 111. 1805; Seidenf., Opera Bot. 72: 73, fig. 39, t. Ivb. 1984; Du Puy & P.J.Cribb, Gen. Cymbidium: 302, fig. 154(4), 174, t. 35–36, map 52. 2007.— Epidendrum sinense Jacks. In Andr., Bot. Rep. 3: t. 216. 1802. Fig. 262.


Accepted Name : This is currently accepted.



Synonyms & Citations :

Cymbidium fragrans Salisb., Trans. Hort. Soc. London 1: 298. 1812, nom. superfl.
Cymbidium ensifolium auct. non (L.) Sw.: Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 6: 13. 1891, p.p.
Cymbidium hoosai Makino, Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 16: 27. 1902.
Cymbidium albo-jucundissimum Hayata, Icon. Pl. Formos. 4: 74. 1914; Icon. Pl. Formos. 6: 80, t. 13. 1916.— C. sinense var. albo-jucundissimum (Hayata) Masam., Trop. Hort. 3: 31. 1933.
Cymbidium sinense var. margicoloratum Hayata, Icon. Pl. Formos. 6: 82, t. 16B, 17. 1916.
Cymbidium yakusimense Masam., Native Orchids Nippon 1: 79 (1984), nom. nud.
Cymbidium yamagawaense Masam., Native Orchids Nippon 6: 19 (1984), nom. nud. [For full synonymy, see Du Puy & P.J.Cribb, op. cit.].


Description : Terrestrial herb. Pseudobulbs up to 3 by 2 cm, ovoid. Leaves 2–4 per pseudobulb, sessile, 40–103 by 2–3.2 cm, linear-elliptic, arching, dark green, glossy. Inflorescence 40–80 cm tall, erect, robust, usually with 8–26 flowers produced in the apical half or third and held above the leaves; bracts 0.4–2.5 cm long. Flowers ca 5 cm across; scented; sepals usually purple-brown, sometimes dark, petals paler, often showing darker veins, occasionally sepals and petals straw-yellow with dark red veins; labellum cream or pale yellow, side lobes streaked red with a solid red margin, mid-lobe heavily spotted and blotched with dark red. Dorsal sepal 26–39 by 5.7–8.7 mm, elliptic, acute, erect to porrect, margins revolute; lateral sepals similar, spreading. Petals 23–34 by 7.1–11 mm, ovate, broader than the sepals, porrect, often forming a hood over the column. Labellum 21–29 mm long when flattened; side lobes erect, rounded, often reduced, papillose or pubescent; mid-lobe broad, 12–16 by 9–13 mm, oblong with an obtuse mucronate apex to ovate, with an acute apex, recurved, often as broad as the side lobes when the labellum is flattened, papillose or with papillose hairs, margin entire and undulating or kinked; ornaments of 2 ridges, converging in the apical half to form a small tube at the base of the mid-lobe. Column 12–16 mm long; pollinia 4. Capsule ca 6 cm long, fusiform, ridged, erect.


Thailand : NORTHERN: Chiang Mai, Nan.


Distribution : N India (Meghalaya: Khasia Hills), Myanmar, Vietnam, C & S China (type), Taiwan, Ryukyus; 1,000–1,600 m alt.


Ecology : In semi-shaded spots in lower montane evergreen forests in moist well drained places. Flowering: October–March.


Vernacular : Karekaron nin (กะเรกะร่อนนิล); chu lan (จุหลัน)(Bangkok).


CommonName : Chinese Cymbidium.


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