Volume 9 > Part 3 > Year 2008 > Page 215 > Fagaceae > Castanopsis

18. Castanopsis javanica (Blume) A.DC.wfo-0000814107

J. Bot. 1: 182. 1863, Prodr. 16.2: 111. 1864; King ex Hook.f., Fl. Brit. Ind. 5: 602. 1888; King, Ann. Roy. Bot. Gard. (Calcutta) 2: 97, t. 88. 1889; Barnett, Quer. Rel. Fag. Asia: 424. 1940; Backer & Bakh.f., Fl. Java 2: 4. 1965; Soepadmo, Fl. Males., ser. 1, 7: 306. 1972.— Castanea javanica (Blume) Blume, Bijdr.: 525. 1826. Fig. 21.

Accepted Name : This is currently accepted.

Synonyms & Citations :

Description : Tree, 15–20 m high; 150–200 cm girth. Terminal buds globose, ca 3 by 3 mm; bracts ovate, acute, pubescent outside, ciliate. Twigs with reddish-brown indumentum, then glabrescent. Bark dark brown, fissured. Stipules lanceolate, 3–4 by 1.5 mm, hairy. Leaves elliptic, obovate or oblong, 8–17 by 4–6 cm; base slightly cuneate, usually asymmetrical; apex shortly cuspidate, blunt, acute or acuminate; margins entire; coriaceous, glabrous and glossy green on the upper surface and pubescent then glabrescent on the lower; midrib and nerves prominent on the lower surface; lateral nerves 8–10 pairs, arched but not anastomosing, scalariform veins conspicuous on the lower. Petiole 0.8–1.2 cm, pubescent then glabresceent. Inflorescences male and female separate or mixed, erect, terminal and axillary, pubescent. Male inflorescence always branched, spikelets 10–20 cm long; bracts and bracteoles ovate, acute, 1–1.5 by 0.5 mm, pubescent outside. Male flowers white, solitary or in 2–3-flowered cluster; calyx 6-lobed, lobes oblong or spathulate, free, ca 1 by 0.5 mm, pubescent outside, ciliate; stamens 12, 2.5–3 mm, glabrous; rudimentary ovary globose, flattened on top, 1–1.5 mm in diam., hirsute. Female inflorescence spike 10–15 cm long. Female flowers always solitary not in clusters, other characters as in male flowers, styles 3, divergent, pubescent; stigmata pointed, glabrous. Fruits ovoid, depressed on top, 3–4 cm in diam. (including cupule), solitary on erect and woody infructescence 10–25 cm long. Cupule completely enclosing the nut except the umbo but not fused, inside densely silky hairy; wall completely covered by tufted, erect, simple spines; dehiscent. Nut 1 per cupule, rounded and depressed on both sides, 1.5–1.8 by 2–2.5 cm densely brown hairy; scar basal; up to 2 cm in diam.

Thailand : SOUTH-EASTERN: Chanthaburi; PENINSULAR: Ranong, Nakhon Si Thammarat.

Distribution : Vietnam, Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia (type).

Ecology : Tropical evergreen rain forests, ca 100 m alt. Flowering: January; fruiting: November–January.

Vernacular : Ko mu (ก่อหมู)(Peninsular).

Uses: Nuts edible.