e-Flora of Thailand

Volume 14 > Part 4 > Year 2020 > Page 636 > Vitaceae > Parthenocissus

Parthenocissus semicordata (Wall.) Planch.wfo-0001145508

in A.DC. & C.DC., Monogr. Phan. 5(2): 451. 1887; Craib, Fl. Siam. 1: 315. 1926; Momiy. in H.Hara, Fl. E. Himalaya 2: 79. 1971; Momiy. in H.Hara & L.H.J.Williams, Enum. Fl. Pl. Nepal 2: 94. 1979; Latiff, Fed. Mus. J. 27: 81. 1982; D.G.Long & Rae, Fl. Bhutan 2(1): 152. 1991; C.L.Li, Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 48(2): 16. 1998; B.V.Shetty & Singh, Fl. Ind. 5: 302. 2000; Chen & J.Wen, Fl. China 12: 173. 2007; W.J.Kress et al., Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 393. 2003; Trias-Blasi, Fl. Nepal Vitaceae: Webedition 1. 2017.— Vitis semicordata Wall. in Roxb., Fl. Ind. 2: 481. 1824.— Vitis himalayana var. semicordata (Wall.) M.A.Lawson in Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 1: 656. 1875. Fig. 6.


Accepted Name : This is currently accepted.



Synonyms & Citations :

Ampelopsis heterophylla Blume, Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind., 4: 194. 1825.— Parthenocissus heterophylla (Blume) Merr., Philipp. J. Sci., C. 11(3): 129. 1916; Backer & Bakh.f., Fl. Java 2: 89. 1965.
Ampelopsis himalayana Royle, Ill. Bot. Himal. Mts.149. 1835.— Vitis himalayana (Royle) Brandis in J. L. Stewart & Brandis, Forest Fl. N.W. India, 100. 1874; M.A.Lawson in Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 1: 655. 1875.— Parthenocissus himalayana (Royle) Planch. In A.DC. & C.DC., Monogr. Phan. 5(2): 450. 1887; Gagnep. In Lecomte, Fl. Indo-Chine 1: 987. 1912; Humbert, Suppl. Fl. Indo-Chine 1: 905. 1950; Suess., Nat. Pflanzenfam. 20d: 310. 1953; Momiy. In H.Hara, Fl. E. Himalaya 2: 79. 1971; Momiy. In H.Hara & L.H.J.Williams, Enum. Fl. Pl. Nepal 2: 94. 1979; W.J.Kress et al., Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 393. 2003.
Cissus landuk Hassk., Flora 25 (Beibl. 2): 39. 1842. nom. superfl.— Vitis landuk (Hassk.) Miq., Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 1: 90. 1863. nom. Illeg.— Landukia landuk (Hassk.) Planch. in A.DC. & C.DC., Monogr. Phan. 5(2): 447. 1887. nom. illeg.— Parthenocissus landuk (Hassk.) Gagnep., Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Autun 24: 15. 1911; Sargent, Pl. Wils. 1: 102. 1911; Gagnep. In Lecomte, Fl. Indo-Chine 1: 989. 1912; Humbert, Suppl. Fl.Indo-Chine 1: 905. 1950. nom. Illeg.


Description : Robust climber. Stem cylindrical, old stems rough and furrowed, lenticellate, young stems villous to glabrous, 0.4–1.5 cm diam.; tendrils 4–10-branched, cylindrical, wiry, glabrous, with adhesive discs at each tip. Leaves compound, trifoliate; petiole 40–130 by 1–2 mm, indumentum as young stem, petiolules subsessile to 1 cm long, indumentum as young stem; central leaflet blade obovate to oval, 5–15 by 2.5–11 cm, base attenuate to oblique; blade unequal (inner side obovate, outer side cordate-ovate), 5–12 by 2.5–8 cm, base oblique; margin slightly dentate with minute mucronate teeth, apex acuminate to apiculate; adaxial side glabrous, abaxial side indumentum as young stem, veins protruding, 1 main basal vein, 5–10 pairs of secondary veins. Inflorescence ramified, leaf-opposed or terminal, dividing dichotomously, corymbose, lax; peduncle 2–5 cm long, indumentum as young stem; pedicel 1.5–3 mm long, glabrous to slightly villous. Buds ovate, obovate to elliptic, 2–3.5 by 1.5–2.5 mm. Calyx cupuliform, entire to sublobate, margin sinuate, 0.5–0.75 by 1–1.5 mm, glabrous. Petals elliptic, 2–3 by 0.75–1.5 mm, apex cucullate with membranous appendage at ventral tip covering anther, reaching almost half the length of petal, glabrous. Filaments flattened, broadening at base, 1–2 mm long; anthers ovate, medifixed, 1–1.25 mm long. Ovary spherical, with 5 rounded lobes, 0.75–1.5 by 0.75–1.5 mm, glabrous; style 0.5 mm long. Fruit globose, 4–7 mm diam., glabrous, smooth, base attenuate. Seeds 1–2, obcordate, 4–6 by 3.5–5 mm, adaxial side with 2 sides, adaxial raphe raised, abaxial side convex with a rounded chalazal knot.


Thailand : NORTHERN: Chiang Mai (Doi Chiang Dao, Doi Suthep); EASTERN: Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai); PENINSULAR: Surat Thani (Khao Nong).


Distribution : India (holotype of Parthenocissus himalayana), Nepal (lectotype of P. semicordata), Bhutan, Pakistan, Myanmar, China, Vietnam, Indonesia (Java – lectotype of P. heterophylla), Malaysia.


Ecology : Evergreen forests, 800–2,000 m alt. Flowering: June–September; fruiting: July–August.


Vernacular : Phrik thai nok (พริกไทยนก)(Northern).


Notes: Some unusual observations in Thai Parthenocissus specimens are: the varied flower merosity encountered, some specimens having 4-5-merous flowers, others 5-6-merous flowers while others only 5-merous flowers; and the presence of 3-foliolate leaves only (including the type of P. heterophylla).


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