e-Flora of Thailand

Volume 8 > Part 2 > Year 2007 > Page 540 > Euphorbiaceae > Sauropus

14. Sauropus macranthus Hassk.wfo-0000305051

Retzia 1: 166. 1855; Müll.Arg. in DC., Prodr. 15, 2: 240. 1866; Backer & Bakh.f., Fl. Java 1: 471. 1963; Airy Shaw, Dansk Bot. Arkiv 25: 34, fig. 13. 1967; Kew Bull. 26: 336. 1972; Kew Bull. Add. Ser. 4: 193. 1975; Welzen, Blumea 48: 358, fig. 3b, map 12. 2003. — S. spectabilis Miq., Sum.: 446. 1860. Fig. 75: B.


Accepted Name : Breynia macrantha (Hassk.) Chakrab. & N.P.Balakr.
Bangladesh J. Pl. Taxon. 19: 121. 2012.



Synonyms & Citations :

Sauropus spectabilis Miq., Sum.: 446. 1860.
Sauropus macrophyllus Hook.f., Fl. Birt. Ind. 5: 334, pro parte. 1887.
Sauropus forcipatus Hook.f., Fl. Birt. Ind. 5: 334. 1887.
Glochidion umbratile Maiden & Betche, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W. 30: 370. 1905.
Sauropus robinsonii Merr., Philipp. J. Sci. 7: 407. 1912.
Sauropus grandifolius Pax & K.Hoffm. In Engl., Pflanzenr. IV. 147. xv: 220. 1922.
Sauropus wichurae Müll.Arg. Ex Pax & K.Hoffm. in Engl., Pflanzenr. IV. 147. xv: 222. 1922.
Sauropus longipedicellatus Merr., Sunyatsenia 2: 34. 1934.


Description : Shrub to tree, up to 5 m high, glabrous; branches with 2 ribs, often indistinct. Stipules triangular, 4.3–8.5 by 2–2.5 mm, basally eared, dark brown when dry with yellowish margin, stiff, breaking off easily. Leaves: petiole 3–5 mm long, cracked when dry, flattened above, pulvinate; blade ovate (to elliptic), 8.2–20 by 3.4–8.2 cm, length/width ratio 2.2–2.9, papery, base broadly cuneate, margin flat, apex (gradually) cuspidate, mucronulate, glossy green above, bright light green underneath, venation distinct on both sides, nerves 8–12. Flowers axillary, single or in small fascicles, red. Staminate flowers 3.3–4 mm in diam.; pedicel 7.5–11 mm long; calyx flat, lobes triangular, 0.8–1.2 by 1–1.6 mm, apex rounded to emarginate, scales low; stamens: androphore ca 0.2 mm high, anthers ca 0.3 by 0.3 mm. Pistillate flowers 7–12 mm in diam.; pedicel 2.5–6.3 cm long; calyx lobes thick, 3 smaller, square to ovate, 2.2–3 by 2.3–3 mm; larger ones elliptic, 3–5.3 by 2.2–3 mm; ovary bell-shaped to ellipsoid, 2–2.5 by 2.2–3 mm, stamens horizontal, ca 2 mm long, upper ⅔rd split, thick, curled, 2-folded rib on united part. Fruits flattened globose, 19–20 by 10–13 mm, pink to red, wall thin; column ca 9 mm long, tapering towards the apex. Seeds triangular in transverse section, ca 10.5 by 8 by 6 mm.


Thailand : NORTHERN: Chiang Mai (Doi Chiang Dao), Chiang Rai (Doi Tung); SOUTH-WESTERN: Kanchanaburi (Khao Yai, Lieuw Long), Ratchaburi (Khao Luang); PENINSULAR: Phuket (Panom Bencha).


Distribution : NE India to S China, SE Asia and throughout Malesia (Java – type) to N Australia.


Ecology : Evergreen forests (with much bamboos) to low brushwoods, usually in shaded places, along rivulets, soil: limestone, 400–2,000 m alt.


Vernacular : Mayom khao (มะยมเขา).


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